{"id":1633,"date":"2025-09-20T04:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-20T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vitamed.test\/overweight-and-obesity\/"},"modified":"2026-09-19T14:05:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-19T10:05:19","slug":"overweight-and-obesity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/overweight-and-obesity\/","title":{"rendered":"OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- vitamed:content-featured-image:start --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"article-content-thumbnail-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/avelord-qash1.jpg\" class=\"article-content-thumbnail\" alt=\"OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- vitamed:content-featured-image:end --><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Overweight and obesity are among the most pressing global health challenges. They significantly increase the risk of developing and worsening chronic non-communicable diseases, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Type 2 diabetes<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Arterial hypertension<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Ischemic heart disease<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and others<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">According to global data, over 250 million people suffer from some degree of obesity, which represents approximately 7% of the adult population.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">Types (by origin)<\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\">1. Primary (Alimentary) Obesity<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Caused by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, often in the context of genetic predisposition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Main contributing factors:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Low physical activity<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Frequent consumption of high-calorie, fat-rich foods<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Irregular eating patterns<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\">2. Secondary (Symptomatic) Obesity<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Results from underlying diseases or pathological conditions, or the use of certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids, antidepressants).<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">Weight Assessment<\/h2>\n<p>Obesity severity is determined using the Body Mass Index (BMI) formula:<\/p>\n<p><strong>BMI = weight (kg) \/ height&sup2; (m&sup2;)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&lt; 18.5 &mdash; underweight<\/li>\n<li>18.5&ndash;24.9 &mdash; normal weight<\/li>\n<li>25.0&ndash;29.9 &mdash; overweight<\/li>\n<li>&ge; 30.0 &mdash; obesity (Class I&ndash;III)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">Treatment Strategy<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Goal: gradual and sustained weight loss without harming health.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\">1. Diet Therapy<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Reduce caloric intake by 500&ndash;1000 kcal\/day<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Limit fat and simple sugar intake<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Individualized nutritional plan based on sex, age, and activity level<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Diet should be sustainable and realistic, not extreme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\">2. Physical Activity<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Aerobic exercise: at least 150 minutes\/week<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Moderate strength training: 2&ndash;3 sessions\/week<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Aim to reduce fat mass and preserve muscle mass<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\">3. Pharmacotherapy (only under medical supervision)<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Indicated for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">BMI &ge; 30<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">BMI &ge; 27 with comorbidities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Orlistat<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Liraglutide<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Naltrexone\/bupropion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\">4. Surgical Treatment (Bariatric Surgery)<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Indications:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">BMI &ge; 40<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">BMI &ge; 35 with serious comorbidities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Approaches:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Stomach volume reduction (e.g., sleeve gastrectomy)<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Surgical removal of excess fat after stabilization<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">Final Notes &amp; Recommendations<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Optimal weight loss: 0.5&ndash;1.0 kg per week<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">&nbsp;Avoid &ldquo;quick fix&rdquo; or miracle weight-loss products<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Every extra kilogram negatively affects cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, reproductive, and nervous systems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uterine fibroid is a benign tumor composed of smooth muscle cells of the uterine body or cervix. It is non-malignant and rarely undergoes sarcomatous transformation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1628,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[173,171],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-en","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1633"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1633\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6543,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1633\/revisions\/6543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1628"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}