{"id":1675,"date":"2025-11-01T04:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vitamed.test\/endometrial-hyperplazia\/"},"modified":"2026-09-17T11:22:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T07:22:03","slug":"endometrial-hyperplazia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/endometrial-hyperplazia\/","title":{"rendered":"ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLAZIA"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\"ENDOMETRIAL<\/figure>\n

<\/p>\n

What is endometrial hyperplasia?<\/h2>\n

Endometrial hyperplasia <\/strong>is a pathological thickening of the uterine lining (endometrium) due to excessive proliferation of glands and stroma.
\nIt is a benign condition but may represent a precancerous state, particularly in the presence of atypia.<\/p>\n

Causes and risk factors<\/h2>\n

It develops under prolonged estrogen stimulation with relative or absolute progesterone deficiency.<\/p>\n

Risk factors include:<\/strong>
\n•    Anovulatory cycles, including PCOS
\n•    Obesity and metabolic syndrome
\n•    Long-term estrogen-only HRT
\n•    Hormone-producing tumors (e.g., granulosa cell tumor of the ovary)
\n•    Diabetes mellitus
\n•    Nulliparity
\n•    Family history (genetic predisposition)<\/p>\n

Types and classification<\/h3>\n

Two main forms are distinguished:<\/strong>
\n•    Endometrial hyperplasia without atypia – Increased gland number without significant structural changes; low risk of malignancy.
\n•    Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia – Higher risk of progression to endometrial cancer.<\/p>\n

Key symptoms<\/strong>
\n•    Acyclic uterine bleeding
\n•    Prolonged or heavy menstruation
\n•    Irregular menstrual cycles
\n•    Postmenopausal bleeding
\n•    Infertility
\n•    Signs of anemia (fatigue, dizziness)
\nSometimes asymptomatic and detected incidentally by ultrasound or biopsy.<\/p>\n

Diagnosis<\/h2>\n

Essential methods:<\/strong>
\n•    Transvaginal ultrasound — assessment of endometrial thickness (M-mode)
\n•    Endometrial Pipelle biopsy or
\n•    Hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage (gold standard)
\nIn postmenopausal women, endometrial thickness >4 mm with bleeding requires exclusion of hyperplasia or cancer.<\/p>\n

Treatment<\/h2>\n

Treatment depends on the type of hyperplasia, patient's age, and reproductive plans.<\/p>\n

Conservative treatment:<\/strong>
\n•    Hormonal therapy (oral forms or levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device)
\n•    Dynamic follow-up with repeat biopsies<\/p>\n

Surgical treatment:<\/strong>
\n•    Hysterectomy — for selected indications<\/p>\n

Complications and prevention<\/h2>\n

Possible complications:<\/strong>
\n•    Malignant transformation (especially with atypia)
\n•    Chronic blood loss → anemia
\n•    Infertility<\/p>\n

Prevention:<\/strong>
\n•    Weight control, correction of metabolic disorders
\n•    Rational use of HRT
\n•    Routine gynecological exams and pelvic ultrasound
\n•    Management of anovulation (e.g., in PCOS)<\/p>\n

Hyperplasia and pregnancy<\/h2>\n

Hyperplasia can impair embryo implantation.
\nSuccessful pregnancy is possible after appropriate treatment and restoration of normal endometrial structure.<\/p>\n

When to see a doctor?<\/h2>\n

Consult a gynecologist if you experience:
\n•    Bleeding outside of menstruation
\n•    Heavy or irregular periods
\n•    Postmenopausal spotting
\n•    Infertility or repeated IVF failures
\n•    Endometrial thickness that doesn’t correspond to cycle phase (by ultrasound)
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Endometrial hyperplasia is a pathological thickening of the uterine lining (endometrium) due to excessive proliferation of glands and stroma. It is a benign condition but may represent a precancerous state, particularly in the presence of atypia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1670,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[173,171],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-en","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1675"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6523,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675\/revisions\/6523"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}