{"id":1717,"date":"2025-11-28T04:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-28T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vitamed.test\/coronary-artery-disease-cad-atherosclerosis\/"},"modified":"2026-09-15T16:45:01","modified_gmt":"2026-09-15T12:45:01","slug":"coronary-artery-disease-cad-atherosclerosis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/coronary-artery-disease-cad-atherosclerosis\/","title":{"rendered":"CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD), ATHEROSCLEROSIS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- vitamed:content-featured-image:start --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"article-content-thumbnail-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"737\" height=\"433\" src=\"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ateroskleroz.jpg\" class=\"article-content-thumbnail\" alt=\"CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD), ATHEROSCLEROSIS\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- vitamed:content-featured-image:end --><\/p>\n<h2>Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Atherosclerosis<\/h2>\n<p>Coronary artery disease is a condition in which the heart muscle receives insufficient blood supply through its feeding artery.<br \/>\nThere are two main causes of vessel narrowing:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Atherosclerosis<\/li>\n<li>Coronary artery spasm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\nTypes of CAD<\/h2>\n<p>1.&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Silent (asymptomatic) ischemia, diagnosed via ECG and\/or Holter monitoring<br \/>\n2.&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Prinzmetal&rsquo;s (variant) angina &mdash; vasospastic in nature<br \/>\n3.&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Exertional (stable) angina<br \/>\n4.&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Acute coronary syndrome (including acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina)<\/p>\n<p>Main symptoms:<\/p>\n<p>Chest pain, pressure, or heaviness behind the sternum, which may radiate to the left arm or lower jaw. Symptoms typically occur after physical exertion or with elevated blood pressure.<\/p>\n<h2>\nRisk Factors for CAD<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Smoking<\/li>\n<li>Elevated LDL cholesterol<\/li>\n<li>Arterial hypertension<\/li>\n<li>Diabetes mellitus<\/li>\n<li>Obesity<\/li>\n<li>Low physical activity<\/li>\n<li>Family history of cardiovascular disease<\/li>\n<li>Age (men &gt; 45 years, women &gt; 55 years)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\nDiagnostic Methods<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>ECG (electrocardiography)<\/li>\n<li>Echocardiography<\/li>\n<li>Treadmill test (exercise stress test)<\/li>\n<li>Coronary angiography<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Among laboratory tests, troponin T is particularly important &mdash; it is a key marker of myocardial injury.<br \/>\nIn patients with typical cardiac complaints, even if ECG and echocardiography are inconclusive, troponin T must be tested, as myocardial damage may already be in progress.<\/p>\n<h2>Arterial Hypertension<\/h2>\n<p>Arterial hypertension is a sustained increase in blood pressure above 140\/90 mmHg, confirmed at least during two separate clinic visits.<br \/>\nThere are European and American classifications of hypertension; the European classification is used in Armenia.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/vitamed-legacy-07fc116565ec.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/vitamed-legacy-07fc116565ec.jpg\" style=\"width: 514px;height: 359px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Main Risk Factors<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Heredity<\/li>\n<li>Obesity<\/li>\n<li>Age<\/li>\n<li>Excessive dietary salt intake<\/li>\n<li>Chronic stress<\/li>\n<li>Physical inactivity (hypodynamia)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Symptoms of hypertension are varied: headache, dizziness, tinnitus (ringing in the ears)<\/p>\n<h3>\nCauses<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<strong>Primary (essential) hypertension <\/strong>&mdash; no identifiable underlying cause; accounts for ~90% of all cases<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>&nbsp;Secondary hypertension <\/strong>&mdash; caused by another condition, such as:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong> &nbsp;Renal pathologies <\/strong>(e.g., renovascular stenosis, glomerulonephritis)<br \/>\n<strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Endocrine disorders<\/strong> (e.g., Conn&rsquo;s syndrome, pheochromocytoma, hyperthyroidism)<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<strong>Certain medications<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\nComplications<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Heart: Myocardial infarction<\/li>\n<li>Brain: Stroke<\/li>\n<li>Kidneys: Chronic kidney disease<\/li>\n<li>Eyes: Retinal damage and vision loss<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\nTreatment Approaches<\/h2>\n<p>Treatment includes both non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies.<br \/>\nNon-pharmacological treatment &mdash; a critical component that patients must strictly follow:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Weight reduction<\/li>\n<li>Limiting salt intake to 5 g\/day (about 1 teaspoon)<\/li>\n<li>Increasing physical activity<\/li>\n<li>Quitting smoking and alcohol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pharmacological treatment involves a wide range of antihypertensive medications, selected by the physician based on the patient&rsquo;s overall condition and comorbidities.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">Cardiology Services at VitaMed Medical Center (Yerevan, Charentsavan, Stepanavan)<\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\" cellspacing=\"1\" style=\"width:500px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Cardiologist home visit<\/td>\n<td>20.000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Electrocardiography<\/td>\n<td>4.000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Echocardiography<\/td>\n<td>15.000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ECG monitoring 24-hour (Holter monitoring)<\/td>\n<td>15.000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Daily blood pressure Monitoring (SMAD)<\/td>\n<td>8.000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Initial consultation with a cardiologist with the appointment of treatment, including an electrocardiogram<\/td>\n<td>15000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Initial consultation with a cardiologist without examination<\/td>\n<td>12000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Third visit to a cardiologist in a month<\/td>\n<td>5000 AMD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Coronary artery disease is a condition in which the heart muscle receives insufficient blood supply through its feeding artery.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1712,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[173,171],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1717","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-en","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1717"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1717\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6510,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1717\/revisions\/6510"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1717"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1717"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitamed.production.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}